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Cervical and breast cancer are the two most common forms of cancer found amongst South African women and all women are at risk of developing these cancers. Cervical cancer is one of the most preventable forms of cancer. All women should have a pap smear at least every 10 years starting at age 30 years. This means at around 30, 40 and 50 years of age. The screening programme aims at finding and treating early signs of cancer of the cervix, commonly known as the "mouth of the womb". The screening involves taking a pap (or cervical) smear, which is a simple, quick vaginal examination to check if the cervix is healthy. Some cells are gently wiped off the cervix and sent to the laboratory for testing. The early detection of abnormal cells means further investigations can be done and treatment can be given if necessary, thereby preventing cancer from developing. Sometimes, results are unclear and a repeat smear is necessary. Women who have had the test must go back to the clinic to get the laboratory results. Remember, the client is entitled to ask for an explanation of the procedure beforehand. Cervical cancer can be prevented by avoiding multiple sex partners, using condoms to prevent the spread of human papillomavirus (which has been linked to cervical cancer), postponing first sexual intercourse until older, and not smoking cigarettes. |
